Field NoteSudan · 03.08.26

Displacement geography · Movement patterns

Sudan displacementUpdated 3 August 2026

A nation forced to move

Territorial control helps explain where people are trapped. Displacement shows the war’s human scale: millions have fled, returned, and been forced to flee again.

~14mforced to flee since April 2023
8.8mIDPs recorded in May 2026
4.4mdisplaced across borders by April 2026

UNHCR and IOM snapshots, April–May 2026. Figures describe different measures and should not be added together.

Follow the movement
01 · National scale

Displacement reaches every state

Each circle shows an estimated state total. IOM recorded 8,805,506 internally displaced people across 185 localities in all 18 states in May 2026.

Largest recorded state totalspeople internally displaced
South Darfur1.76m
North Darfur1.69m
Central Darfur993k
55%estimated share of recorded IDPs who were children under 18 in May 2026.

Sources: IOM DTM, May 2026 ↗ · UNHCR portal, June 2026 ↗

02 · Darfur

In Darfur, flight keeps moving west

South and North Darfur together accounted for 3.45 million recorded IDPs in the June snapshot. People fleeing El Fasher and nearby villages have moved elsewhere in North Darfur, including Tawila, while arrivals from Darfur into Chad continue.

Two states, an immense burdenUNHCR · 30 June 2026
1.76mSouth Darfur
1.69mNorth Darfur

The dashed corridor illustrates a regional movement direction—not a verified route or travel advice.

Sources: UNHCR state totals, June 2026 ↗ · UNHCR briefing, April 2026 ↗

03 · The moving front

New displacement continues in Kordofan

Returns elsewhere do not mean displacement has ended. Across the three Kordofan states, 998,426 IDPs were recorded in the June snapshot, while IOM continued to report new displacement in the region.

Kordofan's recorded IDP burden998,426 people
West423k
South341k
North234k

The focused context area is saturated; other control shading recedes so the displacement totals remain visible.

Sources: UNHCR state totals, June 2026 ↗ · IOM DTM, April 2026 ↗

04 · Return

A return is not the end of displacement

By May 2026, return movements were concentrated toward Khartoum and Al Jazirah. But a return count records where people moved—not what they found. Homes and essential services may still be damaged.

4.44mreturned individuals recorded by IOM in May 2026; 83% returned from internal displacement.
What the figure recordsMovement back
What people still needSafety + services

Returning can mean arriving at a damaged home without the conditions needed to remain there.

Sources: IOM DTM, May 2026 ↗ · UNHCR briefing, April 2026 ↗

05 · Water systems

Movement follows a country held together by the Nile

Four major dams are marked as geographic reference points. Their roles in water storage, hydropower, and irrigation help explain the infrastructure on which communities depend.

MeroweJebel AuliaSennarRoseires

Dams are shown as civilian infrastructure and geographic reference points—not as operational assessments.

Reference: Sudan WASH Strategic Plan, via FAOLEX ↗

What to watch

Read the war through people, not only territory

  1. Whether new fighting in Darfur, Kordofan, and Blue Nile forces another wave of repeated displacement.
  2. Whether people returning to Khartoum and Al Jazirah can access water, shelter, health care, and safe housing.
  3. Whether borders and humanitarian corridors remain open to civilians seeking protection.

This is an explanatory snapshot, not a live operational map. Displacement estimates change; control shading is approximate; and movement lines do not represent verified routes or safe passage.

Loading displacement snapshot…